The composition of urinary tract stones found on a person needs to be determined, because the composition of the stone used as a basis to explore the etiology of urinary tract stone disease. Analysis of the stone can be done chemically, ie qualitative, qualitative way with chromatographic methods and autoanalisis. Another way is with the optical microscopic dissection binocular microscope petrografik. Also instrumental way through radiographic crystallography, infrared spectroscopy, and electron microscopy termoanalitik. Radiographic crystallography is considered the best way in terms of simplicity and accuracy.
The composition of urinary tract stones that can be found are of the type of uric acid, oxalate, phosphate, cysteine and xanthine. Calcium oxalate stones are mostly idiopathic stone. Stones of calcium oxalate and phosphate mixture usually idiopathic, including alkali syndrome associated with excess vitamin D and calcium phosphate stones sometimes caused hypercalciuria (without hypercalcemia). Magnesium ammonium phosphate stones found in chronic infections caused by bacteria that produce urease that the urine becomes alkaline because urea solution. Uric acid stones due to arthritis urika hiperuremia. Uric stones in children are formed because of low urine pH.
In most patients with urinary stones found obvious cause. Predisposing factors such as stasis, infection and foreign bodies. Infection, stasis and lithiasis are factors that reinforce each other, forming a vicious circle or circle called visiosus.
Abnormal or dead tissue in the case of renal papillary necrosis and foreign body nidus and easily into a rocky core. Similarly, egg sistosoma sometimes in the form of stone nidus.
Stone idioptik caused by the influence of various factors. For example, urate stones in children in developing countries. Factor is the causal role of dehydration and gastroenteritis. These factors lead to oliguria with urine containing high levels of uric acid and other chemical bonds. Another factor is the prolonged immobilization in patients with fraktor multiple injuries or paraplegic that cause bone decalcification with increased excretion of calcium and stasis, so the stone precipitation easily occurs. At a fraction of urinary tract stones pemderita causal cause abnormalities found to excrete the stone base material as occurs in hyperparathyroidism, hypercalciuria, arthritis and cystinuria urika
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